SQL 语句 | 语法 |
---|
AND / OR | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
AND|OR condition |
ALTER TABLE | ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype
or
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name |
AS (alias) | SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_name
or
SELECT column_name
FROM table_name AS table_alias |
BETWEEN | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2 |
CREATE DATABASE | CREATE DATABASE database_name |
CREATE TABLE | CREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
...
) |
CREATE INDEX | CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
or
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name) |
CREATE VIEW | CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition |
DELETE | DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_value
or
DELETE FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!)
DELETE * FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!) |
DROP DATABASE | DROP DATABASE database_name |
DROP INDEX | DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL
Server)
DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access)
DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle)
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL) |
DROP TABLE | DROP TABLE table_name |
GROUP BY | SELECT column_name,
aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name |
HAVING | SELECT column_name,
aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value |
IN | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
IN (value1,value2,..) |
INSERT INTO | INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
or
INSERT INTO table_name
(column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....) |
INNER JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
INNER JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
LEFT JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
LEFT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
RIGHT JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
RIGHT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
FULL JOIN | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
FULL JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
LIKE | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
LIKE pattern |
ORDER BY | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC] |
SELECT | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name |
SELECT * | SELECT *
FROM table_name |
SELECT DISTINCT | SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name |
SELECT INTO | SELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name
or
SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name |
SELECT TOP | SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name |
TRUNCATE TABLE | TRUNCATE TABLE table_name |
UNION | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
UNION ALL | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
UPDATE | UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value,...
WHERE some_column=some_value |
WHERE | SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value |